Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

Okita Faith Odije; Hosea Zakki Yula; Ekpa Promise Joel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

Okita Faith Odije^*

, Hosea Zakki Yula, Ekpa Promise Joel

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 2)

Received: 3 March 2025 Accepted: 22 March 2025 Published: 17 April 2025

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Abstract

Soil serves as a reservoir for infective stages of helminthes that affect both man and animals. The study surveyed the occurrence of geohelminthes in four major markets in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Following standard procedures, 50 soil samples each were collected from various sites in the four major markets (Wadata, Wurukum, High-Level and Northbank) in Makurdi metropolis. The samples were processed for helminthes in the Zoology Laboratory of Benue State University, using the zinc sulphate floatation method. Following isolation and identification of helminthes from infected samples, the data were presented using descriptive statistics (Simple percentages). A total of 85/200 (42.50%) helminthes prevalence was documented in the study, and these were: Taenia sp 7/85 (8.24%), Trichuris trichuria 10/85 (11.76%), Strongyloides stercoralis 13/85 (15.30%), Hookworm 16/85 (18.82%) and Ascaris lumbricoides 39/85 (45.88%). Location-based prevalence of helminthes included: 5/85 (5.88%) in High-level, 16/85 (18.82%) in Northbank, 30/85 (35.29%) in Wurukum and 34/85 (40.00%) in Wadata markets respectively. The toilet 38/85 (44.71%) area was the most infected, followed by refuse dumps 36/85 (42.35%) and the playground 11/85 (12.94%). Periodical documentation of geohelminthes of public health importance is key to achieving proper control. Helminthes documented in the study calls for concern and studies involving advanced technologies to build on the current data are encouraged.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
Page(s)	53-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Occurrence, Geohelminthes, Markets, Makurdi, Benue State

References

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[4]	Eke, S. S., Omalu, I. C. J., Otuu, C. A., Salihu, I. M., Udeogu, V. O., Hassan, S. C., Idris, A. R., Abubakar, N. E. and Auta, Y. I. (2015). Prevalence of Geohelminth in soil and primary school children in Panda Development Area, Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 36(2): 91-95.
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[11]	Ukibe, S. N., Ukibe, N. R., Obi-Okaro, A. C. and Iwueze, M. O. (2018). Prevalence and pattern of soil transmitted helminths (STHs) among primary school children at Nnewi, Nnewi- North local government area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 28(1): 1-6.
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APA Style

Odije, O. F., Yula, H. Z., Joel, E. P. (2025). Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 13(2), 53-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Odije, O. F.; Yula, H. Z.; Joel, E. P. Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2025, 13(2), 53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Odije OF, Yula HZ, Joel EP. Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2025;13(2):53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12,
  author = {Okita Faith Odije and Hosea Zakki Yula and Ekpa Promise Joel},
  title = {Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria
},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {53-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Soil serves as a reservoir for infective stages of helminthes that affect both man and animals. The study surveyed the occurrence of geohelminthes in four major markets in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Following standard procedures, 50 soil samples each were collected from various sites in the four major markets (Wadata, Wurukum, High-Level and Northbank) in Makurdi metropolis. The samples were processed for helminthes in the Zoology Laboratory of Benue State University, using the zinc sulphate floatation method. Following isolation and identification of helminthes from infected samples, the data were presented using descriptive statistics (Simple percentages). A total of 85/200 (42.50%) helminthes prevalence was documented in the study, and these were: Taenia sp 7/85 (8.24%), Trichuris trichuria 10/85 (11.76%), Strongyloides stercoralis 13/85 (15.30%), Hookworm 16/85 (18.82%) and Ascaris lumbricoides 39/85 (45.88%). Location-based prevalence of helminthes included: 5/85 (5.88%) in High-level, 16/85 (18.82%) in Northbank, 30/85 (35.29%) in Wurukum and 34/85 (40.00%) in Wadata markets respectively. The toilet 38/85 (44.71%) area was the most infected, followed by refuse dumps 36/85 (42.35%) and the playground 11/85 (12.94%). Periodical documentation of geohelminthes of public health importance is key to achieving proper control. Helminthes documented in the study calls for concern and studies involving advanced technologies to build on the current data are encouraged.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

AU  - Okita Faith Odije
AU  - Hosea Zakki Yula
AU  - Ekpa Promise Joel
Y1  - 2025/04/17
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 53
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
AB  - Soil serves as a reservoir for infective stages of helminthes that affect both man and animals. The study surveyed the occurrence of geohelminthes in four major markets in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Following standard procedures, 50 soil samples each were collected from various sites in the four major markets (Wadata, Wurukum, High-Level and Northbank) in Makurdi metropolis. The samples were processed for helminthes in the Zoology Laboratory of Benue State University, using the zinc sulphate floatation method. Following isolation and identification of helminthes from infected samples, the data were presented using descriptive statistics (Simple percentages). A total of 85/200 (42.50%) helminthes prevalence was documented in the study, and these were: Taenia sp 7/85 (8.24%), Trichuris trichuria 10/85 (11.76%), Strongyloides stercoralis 13/85 (15.30%), Hookworm 16/85 (18.82%) and Ascaris lumbricoides 39/85 (45.88%). Location-based prevalence of helminthes included: 5/85 (5.88%) in High-level, 16/85 (18.82%) in Northbank, 30/85 (35.29%) in Wurukum and 34/85 (40.00%) in Wadata markets respectively. The toilet 38/85 (44.71%) area was the most infected, followed by refuse dumps 36/85 (42.35%) and the playground 11/85 (12.94%). Periodical documentation of geohelminthes of public health importance is key to achieving proper control. Helminthes documented in the study calls for concern and studies involving advanced technologies to build on the current data are encouraged.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Okita Faith Odije

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-7733
Hosea Zakki Yula

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

Contact Email
Ekpa Promise Joel

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4616-7224

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APA Style

Odije, O. F., Yula, H. Z., Joel, E. P. (2025). Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 13(2), 53-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Odije, O. F.; Yula, H. Z.; Joel, E. P. Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2025, 13(2), 53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Odije OF, Yula HZ, Joel EP. Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2025;13(2):53-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12,
  author = {Okita Faith Odije and Hosea Zakki Yula and Ekpa Promise Joel},
  title = {Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria
},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {53-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Soil serves as a reservoir for infective stages of helminthes that affect both man and animals. The study surveyed the occurrence of geohelminthes in four major markets in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Following standard procedures, 50 soil samples each were collected from various sites in the four major markets (Wadata, Wurukum, High-Level and Northbank) in Makurdi metropolis. The samples were processed for helminthes in the Zoology Laboratory of Benue State University, using the zinc sulphate floatation method. Following isolation and identification of helminthes from infected samples, the data were presented using descriptive statistics (Simple percentages). A total of 85/200 (42.50%) helminthes prevalence was documented in the study, and these were: Taenia sp 7/85 (8.24%), Trichuris trichuria 10/85 (11.76%), Strongyloides stercoralis 13/85 (15.30%), Hookworm 16/85 (18.82%) and Ascaris lumbricoides 39/85 (45.88%). Location-based prevalence of helminthes included: 5/85 (5.88%) in High-level, 16/85 (18.82%) in Northbank, 30/85 (35.29%) in Wurukum and 34/85 (40.00%) in Wadata markets respectively. The toilet 38/85 (44.71%) area was the most infected, followed by refuse dumps 36/85 (42.35%) and the playground 11/85 (12.94%). Periodical documentation of geohelminthes of public health importance is key to achieving proper control. Helminthes documented in the study calls for concern and studies involving advanced technologies to build on the current data are encouraged.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occurrence of Geohelminthes in Four Major Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

AU  - Okita Faith Odije
AU  - Hosea Zakki Yula
AU  - Ekpa Promise Joel
Y1  - 2025/04/17
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 53
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20251302.12
AB  - Soil serves as a reservoir for infective stages of helminthes that affect both man and animals. The study surveyed the occurrence of geohelminthes in four major markets in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Following standard procedures, 50 soil samples each were collected from various sites in the four major markets (Wadata, Wurukum, High-Level and Northbank) in Makurdi metropolis. The samples were processed for helminthes in the Zoology Laboratory of Benue State University, using the zinc sulphate floatation method. Following isolation and identification of helminthes from infected samples, the data were presented using descriptive statistics (Simple percentages). A total of 85/200 (42.50%) helminthes prevalence was documented in the study, and these were: Taenia sp 7/85 (8.24%), Trichuris trichuria 10/85 (11.76%), Strongyloides stercoralis 13/85 (15.30%), Hookworm 16/85 (18.82%) and Ascaris lumbricoides 39/85 (45.88%). Location-based prevalence of helminthes included: 5/85 (5.88%) in High-level, 16/85 (18.82%) in Northbank, 30/85 (35.29%) in Wurukum and 34/85 (40.00%) in Wadata markets respectively. The toilet 38/85 (44.71%) area was the most infected, followed by refuse dumps 36/85 (42.35%) and the playground 11/85 (12.94%). Periodical documentation of geohelminthes of public health importance is key to achieving proper control. Helminthes documented in the study calls for concern and studies involving advanced technologies to build on the current data are encouraged.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download