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Challenges and Outcome of Neonatal Surgery at the Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba Nigeria
Samuel Chidi Ekpemo,
Ndubuisi Eleweke,
Nneka Okoronkwo,
Chapp-Jumbo Assumpta
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
69-72
Received:
23 July 2018
Accepted:
17 August 2018
Published:
10 September 2018
Abstract: Background: Neonatal surgery is still a challenge in developing country due to lack of appropriate equipment, inadequate work force and lack of political will by hospital management. However, there has been significant improvement in outcome over the last century. Objective: This study evaluates neonatal surgery in commercial city of Aba South East Nigeria with emphasis on challenges and management outcome. Methods: Prospective analysis of sixty neonates who had operative treatment at Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba from October 2016 to July 2018. Proforma was opened for sex, weight, prenatal care, age at presentation, duration of symptoms prior to presentation, surgical pathology, treatment offered, associated congenital anomaly, evidence of prenatal diagnosis, complications and outcome. Results: There were 40 males and 20 females, male to female ratio of 2:1. The mean weight of the neonates was 2.5kg (range1.1-4.3kg). The average age at operation was 3 days (1-15days), the mean duration of symptoms before presentation was 3.5days. The major indication for operation was anorectal malformation 32 patients {53.3%} anterior abdominal wall defect 8 patients {13.3%}, Intestinal atresia 8 patients {13.3%}, intestinal perforation 8 patients {13.3%}, obstructed hernia 4 patient {6.6%}/There was associated congenital abnormality in 5 patients {8.3%} and prenatal diagnoses was made in 10 cases {16.6%}. During a mean follow up of 3months {1week to 9months, procedure related complications in 16 patients {26.6%} and 8patients died {mortality of 13.3%}. Conclusion: Surgical care of the neonate with a wide range of pathologies is still major challenge in our setting. Good political will, capacity building in form of manpower development and procurement of appropriate equipment will enhance the outcome.
Abstract: Background: Neonatal surgery is still a challenge in developing country due to lack of appropriate equipment, inadequate work force and lack of political will by hospital management. However, there has been significant improvement in outcome over the last century. Objective: This study evaluates neonatal surgery in commercial city of Aba South East...
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Differences of Facial Infection with Demodex spp. Between Indian Students and Native Students in Jiamusi University
Huiming Zhang,
Sheng Bi,
Fangfang Wang,
Baocheng Zhang,
Juxiang Su,
Yue Dai,
Chunmin Wang,
Jiwei Du,
Guang Chen
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
73-77
Received:
4 July 2018
Accepted:
21 August 2018
Published:
19 September 2018
Abstract: Demodex is an ancient pathogen with is a contributor to chronic diseases such as acne rosacea or marginal blepharitis. Recently people found that many kind of diseases correlate with demodex infection, it begin to attract wide interest. At present, we want to evaluate the prevalence of facial infection with demodex spp, among international and local students in Jiamusi University of China. Using skin scraping method to obtain secretions, and then put the secretions to the drop of glycerol on a glass slide. The sample was covered with a cover glass and examined for parasites by light microscopy at 10× and 40× objective. Results showed that the infection rate in foreign students and local students were 15.2% (57/375) and 34.5% (203/588) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between international students and local students in demodex infection rate (χ2 = 43.38, P < 0.05). There was a dominance of Demodex folliculorum infection in male of international students and local students, which are 63.6% (28/44) and 69.6% (94/135); followed by Demodex brevis infection, which are 22.7% (10/44) and 22.2% (30/135); last one is mixed infection, which are 13.6% (6/44) and 8.1% (11/135). Interesting, the infection rate of mixed demodex from local female students was the highest in total students. In addition, demodex infected local students with facial symptoms (67.9%) were significantly higher than those showing healthy facial skin (21.5%) (χ2 = 112.9, P < 0.05). Thus, one can conclude that the probability of Demodex infection is comparable for foreign students and local students unalike, which is related to examination methods, examination season, temperature, living environment, human race possibility.
Abstract: Demodex is an ancient pathogen with is a contributor to chronic diseases such as acne rosacea or marginal blepharitis. Recently people found that many kind of diseases correlate with demodex infection, it begin to attract wide interest. At present, we want to evaluate the prevalence of facial infection with demodex spp, among international and loca...
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Genoprotective and DNA Repair Activities of Fruit Pulp Ethanol Extract from Detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr. (Caesalpiniaceae)
Ablassé Rouamba,
Moussa Compaoré,
Maurice Ouédraogo,
Martin Kiendrebeogo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
78-84
Received:
3 August 2018
Accepted:
31 August 2018
Published:
6 October 2018
Abstract: DNA is continuously degraded by numerous genotoxic agents including intracellular reactive oxygen species produced by cell metabolism and exogenous environmental pollutants. These genotoxic agents destroy the DNA integrity leading to carcinogenesis or cell death. An increased consumption of vegetables, fruits and other foods rich in antioxidant compounds can protect DNA from oxidative damage and prevent cell carcinogenesis. This study was designed to investigate in vitro the genoprotective and DNA repair activities of the fruit pulp ethanol extract from Detarium microcarpum against two known mutagenic agents such as hydrogen peroxide and methyl methane sulfonate. To assess the genoprotective and DNA repair activities of extract, human lymphocytes in culture were treated with the extract before or after the genotoxic agent exposing. The amount of DNA damages was assessed by using the standard comet assay. The fruit pulp extract in concentration up to 500 µg/mL, compared to vehicle didn’t affect the integrity of DNA. Interestingly, the genotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide and methyl methane sulfonate on human lymphocytes were significantly reduced by the extract pre-treatment. In addition, the DNA damages induced by hydrogen peroxide and methyl methane sulfonate were repaired further to the extract addition. The fruit pulp ethanol extract from Detarium microcarpum contains bioactive compounds that can preserve the integrity of DNA from the deleterious effects of genotoxic agents. The daily intake of this fruit pulp as food supplement could prevent DNA damages and carcinogenesis.
Abstract: DNA is continuously degraded by numerous genotoxic agents including intracellular reactive oxygen species produced by cell metabolism and exogenous environmental pollutants. These genotoxic agents destroy the DNA integrity leading to carcinogenesis or cell death. An increased consumption of vegetables, fruits and other foods rich in antioxidant com...
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Application of Polysomnography in Nursing Care of Patients with OSAHS
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
85-89
Received:
17 October 2018
Published:
18 October 2018
Abstract: To observe the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the success rate of polysomnography (PSG) in monitoring (OSAHS) patients with sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. 240 suspected OSAHS patients were randomly divided into two groups, 120 cases in each group. After admission, all patients were monitored by polysomnography. In the monitoring process, the control group according to the routine nursing methods, the observation group was given peri-monitoring nursing intervention at the same time, the diagnosis rate of OSAHS, monitoring success rate, comfort, emotional changes and satisfaction with nursing were observed. The positive rate of OSAHS in the observation group was 96.7% (116 / 120), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (95.0% (114 / 120) and 57.0% (65 / 114) P < 0.05). In the control group, 4 cases (3.3%) had shorter sleep time than 2 cases in the observation group (P < 0.05), and the GCQ scores of the observation group were (46.2 ±5.2) and (53.6 ±4.1) at the beginning of monitoring and at the end of monitoring, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction in the observation group (95.0%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (85.8%) (P < 0.05). The comprehensive nursing intervention in the peri-monitoring period can effectively improve the success rate of PSG in monitoring OSAHS and improve the comfort of the patients during the monitoring process, thus improving the degree of satisfaction of the patients with the nursing work.
Abstract: To observe the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the success rate of polysomnography (PSG) in monitoring (OSAHS) patients with sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. 240 suspected OSAHS patients were randomly divided into two groups, 120 cases in each group. After admission, all patients were monitored by polysomnography. In the monitoring pr...
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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria
Egbe Friday Andrew,
Unam Nse Friday,
Egbe Kingsley Andrew,
Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah,
Ekwom Edith Silas,
Unah Victor Unah
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
90-95
Received:
10 August 2018
Accepted:
21 September 2018
Published:
25 October 2018
Abstract: In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.
Abstract: In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of ...
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