Mutation in Transglycosylase Domain of Penicillin Binding Protein 1A (PBP1A) and Helicobacter pylori
David Guindo,
Alpha Seydou Yaro,
Astan Traore,
Yaya Bouare,
Bernard Sodio
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
155-161
Received:
10 October 2022
Accepted:
27 October 2022
Published:
4 November 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20221006.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is associated in human gastric diseases. It touches more than 50% of the world's population. Clinically, amoxicillin is one of the antibiotics used to treat the pathogenic agent. It inhibits bacterial wall synthesis, by blocking the transpeptidase domain of penicillin binding protein 1A (PBP1A). Mutations in this domain are responsible for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The transglycosylase domain is necessary to activate the transpeptidase. But its part in the resistance remains little documented. The objective of this study was to analyze the protein sequence of this domain in samples of Malian patients. Therefore, the PCR product was sequenced from five Hp positive samples. After alignment with the Helicobacter pylori 26695 sequence (reference), several amino acid substitutions were identified: T30N / F67S / I79V / I101V / F125L / I148L for sample 1 (PBP1A-ML1); G44S / I101V / F125L for PBP1A-ML2 and PBP1A-ML5 and A36V / F125L / I148L for PBP1A-ML3 and PBP1A-ML4. The last two groups of mutations were also observed in Hp PBP1A from other continents. Their existence shows the distribution of two or more Hp strains in Mali and worldwide. Although their direct implications for AMR have not been demonstrated, but their presence is supposed to modify the affinity of amoxicillin for its target. Considering the importance of transglycosylase in the activation of the transpeptidase domain, substitutions would allow Hp to adapt to a change in its environment. Additional research is needed to identify the role of observed substitutions.
Abstract: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is associated in human gastric diseases. It touches more than 50% of the world's population. Clinically, amoxicillin is one of the antibiotics used to treat the pathogenic agent. It inhibits bacterial wall synthesis, by blocking the transpeptidase domain of penicillin binding protein 1A (PBP1A). Mutations in this domain are...
Show More
A Study of Subjective Cognitive Decline and Subclinical Depression Based on Dynamic Network Connectivity of Cerebral fMRI Data
Zhao Zhang,
Guangfei Li,
Zeyu Song,
Xiaoying Tang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
162-167
Received:
17 October 2022
Accepted:
1 December 2022
Published:
8 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20221006.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: A certain number of fMRI studies on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) have been widely debated. They mainly focus on the differences in brain structure and function between SCD and normal people, while more studies focus on objective cognitive decline. The relationship between psychological factors and SCD via cerebral fMRI data in the elderly is rarely discussed. In this study, we included 66 SCD patients and 63 normal controls (NC) to investigate the neural processes amid the psychological aspects of those with subclinical depression and SCD using dynamic network connectivity and to provide theoretical support for neuroimaging for improved Alzheimer's disease prevention and therapy. We calculated temporal flexibility and spatiotemporal diversity via fMRI data using Shen’s 268 brain template and No. 74 brain region was selected by t-test and correlation analysis. In the NC group, no significant correlation was observed in temporal flexibility value of No. 74–SCD and Hamilton depression scale HAMD–SCD, whereas No. 74–HAMD showed a significant correlation. In the SCD group, all of the three parameters exhibited significant correlation. Mediation analysis obtained the mediation model of No. 74 brain region, subclinical depression, and subjective cognitive decline (No. 74→HAMD→SCD). The results show that visual system plays an important role in subclinical depression, and subclinical depression increases the risk of SCD.
Abstract: A certain number of fMRI studies on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) have been widely debated. They mainly focus on the differences in brain structure and function between SCD and normal people, while more studies focus on objective cognitive decline. The relationship between psychological factors and SCD via cerebral fMRI data in the elderly is ...
Show More
Menarcheal Age Variation Between Chakma Tribal and Bengali Non-Tribal Girls of Tripura, North-East India
Shilpi Saha,
Satyapriya Roy
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
168-175
Received:
29 October 2022
Accepted:
22 November 2022
Published:
15 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20221006.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Menarche is the first onset of menstrual bleeding and considered as a significant marker of attaining sexual maturity in girls. Various factors may influence age at menarche like genetic, nutritional status, environment, socioeconomic status and education. The main purpose of this study is to determine mean age at menarche of Chakma tribal and Bengali non tribal girls of Tripura with their ethnicity and socio economic condition. Data on age at menarche have been collected by using Status quo method of recall from adolescent Chakma tribal and Bengali non tribal girls of different schools of North, Unokoti, Dhalai and South District of Tripura. An effect of socioeconomic condition on age at menarche was taken in consideration. Among studied sample 357 Chakma tribal girls and 368 Bengali girls have experienced menarche. Median age at menarche, estimated by probits, is 12.53 years (0.12) and 11.83 years (0.13) for the Chakma and Bengali girls respectively. However, the age differences are found to be statistically highly significant (P<0.00l). Mean age at menarche of Bengali girls is earlier than the Chakma tribal girls and their age differences in menarcheal status is stated due to ethnic effect and earlier growth spurt. The mean age at menarche of both the study population was also influenced by their socio economic and demographic condition. Future longitudinal studies of other tribal population of Tripura are needed for understanding the effect on onset of menarche.
Abstract: Menarche is the first onset of menstrual bleeding and considered as a significant marker of attaining sexual maturity in girls. Various factors may influence age at menarche like genetic, nutritional status, environment, socioeconomic status and education. The main purpose of this study is to determine mean age at menarche of Chakma tribal and Beng...
Show More
Predicting the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Children
Huseynova Ilhama Yelmar,
Hasanov Alekber Qazanfar,
Gafarov Ismayil Adil
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
176-184
Received:
19 November 2022
Accepted:
7 December 2022
Published:
29 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20221006.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Today, the relationship between cytokines in blood serum and the pathogenesis of the disease during COVID-19 in children has not yet been fully clarified. Research shows that the course of the disease in children is more satisfactory than in adults. However, the clinical profiles and pathophysiology of COVID-19 in children remain unclear. The aim of our study was to determine the level of cytokines in children with COVID-19 pneumonia and to study their role in predicting the severity of the disease. For this purpose, 75 children under the age of 18 were included. The patients included in the study were divided into 2 groups according to the degree of severity: 49 (65.3%) moderately severe patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were included in group I, and 26 (34.7%) patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were included in group II. Clinical, instrumental and laboratory examinations, determination of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, vitamin D, fibrinogen, ferritin and D-dimer levels were included in the examination methods of patients. Fever (66 cases (88.0%)) and cough (74 cases (98.7%)) were the most frequently reported cases. Laboratory examinations of blood in children with COVID-19 (PCR) showed a tendency to lymphocytosis and thrombocytopenia, an increase in ESR, CRP, ferritin, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and cytokines levels. In comparison between groups, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 increased in group II compared to group I. Determination of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 in children with COVID-19 (PCR), depending on the severity of the disease, is appropriate for early diagnosis and prediction of the course of the disease.
Abstract: Today, the relationship between cytokines in blood serum and the pathogenesis of the disease during COVID-19 in children has not yet been fully clarified. Research shows that the course of the disease in children is more satisfactory than in adults. However, the clinical profiles and pathophysiology of COVID-19 in children remain unclear. The aim o...
Show More
